Why is maintaining humidity levels important during oxygen therapy?

Maintaining humidity levels during oxygen therapy is crucial primarily to prevent airway irritation and damage. When oxygen is delivered through nasal cannulas or masks, especially at higher flow rates, the dry oxygen can irritate the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. This irritation can lead to complications such as inflammation, increased secretions, and even damage to the airway tissues, particularly in patients who require long-term oxygen therapy. By adding humidity to the oxygen being delivered, it helps to keep the airway moist, reducing the risk of irritation and promoting better overall respiratory health.

While enhancing patient comfort and reducing the risk of infection are important considerations in oxygen therapy, the primary focus regarding humidity is to protect the delicate tissues of the airways from the drying effects of supplemental oxygen.