Which potential side effect should be monitored in patients on long-term oxygen therapy?

Oxygen-induced hypercapnia is a significant concern in patients on long-term oxygen therapy, particularly in individuals who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or other conditions that compromise respiratory function. This condition arises when high levels of oxygen are supplied to patients who have adapted to low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels. When supplemental oxygen is administered, it can reduce their respiratory drive due to the body’s reliance on low oxygen levels as a stimulus to breathe. Consequently, this may lead to elevated levels of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia), which can be detrimental and may cause respiratory acidosis if not monitored and managed appropriately.

In patients using long-term oxygen therapy, regular monitoring of blood gases is crucial to ensure proper levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide are maintained. It helps prevent complications that may arise from using oxygen in a manner that the body may not tolerate effectively. This understanding is vital when managing therapy and ensuring patient safety.