Define 'hypercapnia'.

Hypercapnia refers to an excess of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. This condition occurs when there is an imbalance in the body's ability to eliminate carbon dioxide, which may result from various factors such as respiratory disorders, poor ventilation, or an increased production of carbon dioxide. Elevated levels of carbon dioxide can lead to physiological changes and may cause symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and confusion. It is particularly important to monitor and manage hypercapnia in clinical settings, especially for patients with respiratory conditions, as effective gas exchange is crucial for maintaining proper acid-base balance and overall health. Understanding hypercapnia is essential for healthcare professionals who work with patients requiring respiratory support or oxygen therapy.